The fascinating complex life cycle of hemlock wooly adelgid (HWA)

Hemlock woolly adelgid egg masses late winter. Photo: Dan Gilrein

The hemlock woolly adelgid (HWA), Adelges tsugae, is an invasive insect that has caused the decline and mortality of eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis) and Carolina hemlock (Tsuga caroliniana) in eastern North America for decades. First detected in Virginia in 1951, it has since spread throughout much of the eastern United States and into southern Canada. Read more.